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Federated Recursive Ridge Regression

Official implementation of the Federated Recursive Ridge Regression (Fed3R) and Only Local Labels (OLL) algorithms proposed in the ICML24 accepted paper "Accelerating Heterogeneous Federated Learning with Closed-form Classifiers" and extended in the IEEE Access paper "Resource-Efficient Personalization in Federated Learning with Closed-Form Classifiers". Federated Learning (FL) methods often struggle in highly statistically heterogeneous settings. Indeed, non-IID data distributions cause client drift and biased local solutions, particularly pronounced in the final classification layer, negatively impacting convergence speed and accuracy. To address this issue, we introduce Federated Recursive Ridge Regression (Fed3R). Our method fits a Ridge Regression classifier computed in closed form leveraging pre-trained features. Fed3R is immune to statistical heterogeneity and is invariant to the sampling order of the clients. Therefore, it proves particularly effective in cross-device scenarios. Furthermore, it is fast and efficient in terms of communication and computation costs, requiring up to two orders of magnitude fewer resources than the competitors. Finally, we propose to leverage the Fed3R parameters as an initialization for a softmax classifier and subsequently fine-tune the model using any FL algorithm (Fed3R with Fine-Tuning, Fed3R+FT). Our findings also indicate that maintaining a fixed classifier aids in stabilizing the training and learning more discriminative features in cross-device settings.

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Field Value
Accessibility OnLine
AccessibilityMode OnLine Access
Associate Project FAIR
Associate Project FAIR
Basic rights Other rights
Basic rights Making available to the public
Basic rights Communication
Basic rights Modification
Basic rights Distribution
Basic rights Copying
Basic rights Download
Basic rights Temporary download of a single copy only
CreationDate 2025-06-06
Creator Ciccone, Marco, marco.ciccone@vectorinstitute.ai
Creator Caputo, Barbara, barbara.caputo@polito.it
Creator Camoriano, Raffaello, raffaello.camoriano@polito.it
Creator Fanì, Eros, efani@bcamath.org
External Identifier 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3556587
Field/Scope of use Any use
Group Others
Owner Fanì, Eros, efani@bcamath.org
Programming Language Python
RelatedPaper Fani, E., Camoriano, R., Caputo, B., & Ciccone, M. (2025). Resource-Efficient Personalization in Federated Learning With Closed-Form Classifiers. IEEE Access.
SoBigData Node SoBigData EU
Sublicense rights No
Territory of use World Wide
Thematic Cluster Other
Thematic Cluster Privacy Enhancing Technology [PET]
system:type Method
Management Info
Field Value
Author Camoriano Raffaello
Maintainer Eros Fanì
Version 1
Last Updated 5 August 2025, 07:10 (CEST)
Created 5 August 2025, 07:09 (CEST)